Arrowsmith Essay -- essays research papers

Arrowsmith is a classic American novel written by Sinclair Lewis. Lewis wrote this book in the early 1900’s as a current outlook on the world of science in that time. The main theme it focuses on is commercialism and its effect on science. During this time period there were many advances in the field of medicine; everyone was racing to find the cure to deadly diseases and then patent it and profit off it. Helping humanity was more of a business than a service to the human race as doctors and institutes became more and more capitalistic. Like a business trying to maximize its profit, many doctors and scientists cut corners and guessed at many things so they could get their products or methods on the market as fast as possible. However, there were a few scientists who stayed strictly devoted to their science, not letting money, glory, and success corrupt them. Scientists such as this despised commercialism and held contempt against the other doctors and scientists who fell into that system of capitalism. The book follows the life of Martin Arrowsmith, a scientist who is torn between pure science and commercialism. He wants to be a true scientist but he is pushed into commercialism by everyone he meets, except for a select few. Among the few is Max Gottlieb, who is Martin’s model for everything a true scientist should be. Gottlieb is a bacteriologist who is completely against the capitalist values of commercial doctors and scientists; he devotes himself religiously to his science, and he believes in being completely thorough and not guessing or accepting things without completely understanding them. Terry Wickett, a disciple of Gottlieb’s, holds all the same values and attitudes as Gottlieb toward capitalism and commercialism. He helps Martin break away from commercialism, and become a true scientist. Another person who greatly helps Martin in his life is his first wife, Leora Tozer, who stands by and supports Martin no matter what. She devotes herself to Martin as much as Gottlieb devotes himself to his science. She supports him in whatever decision he decides to make, she helps and comforts him in his times of need, and she remains completely loyal to him at all times, even when he is not completely loyal to her. The story starts with Martin Arrowsmith as a medical student at Winnemac University, where he was first introduced to commercial science and pure s... ...from the Plague. What is ironic about this is that this pure science tends to benefit humanity more than commercialism science in the long run. The notion that one significant improvement over a long period of time is better than a series of failures and half-successes is drowned out by the propaganda of commercialism. Pure science produces methods and medicines that are certain. They have been thoroughly tested and proved to be successful, as opposed to the medicines produced by commercial scientists. While they produce more, they are not certain as to what effect they will have. They hope that if their product works in one situation, it will work in every situation. However, commercial science does have positive points as pure science has negative points. While pure science is more certain it is also much more long term. Commercial science gives immediate care and help, despite how much it may actually help. Pure science is presented as something that looks toward and works for the future, while commercial science deals with what is happening at the moment, but commercialism hinders pure science so much that, in effect, it may be bringing about the destruction of its own future.

Extinct Animals

Animal that has gone extinct ( Alasmidonta mccordi The Coosa elktoe, scientific name Alasmidonta mccordi, was a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This species was endemic to the United States. [pic] I didn’t manage to find any specific ecological role of Coosa Elktoe, however I found the ecological role of mussels. Mussels play a key role in aquatic environments and are considered to be â€Å"ecosystem engineers† because they modify aquatic habitat, making it more suitable for themselves and other organisms.One of the valuable functions performed by mussels is capturing organic matter from the water column when they siphon, processing it to build body and shell, excreting nutrients that are immediately available to plant life and then depositing the remaining organic material to the sediment making it available for other invertebrates and fish to consume. During this feeding process, the mussels â€Å"c lean† the water they live in by removing phytoplankton and the bacteria and fungi that are attached to the non living organic particles they have removed from the water column.Other undesirable particles and chemicals are bound in the mussels' pseudo feces and deposited on the river bottom. This species was known only from a single specimen collected from the Coosa River in St. Clair County, Alabama and after its’ extinction the River was observed and there were no changes found, therefore, I suppose its’ extinction had no effects on ecology or if it did the effects are not significant and cannot be observed. |Kingdom: |Animalia | Phylum: |Mollusca | |Class: |Bivalvia | |Order: |Unionoida | |Family: |Unionidae | |Genus: |Alasmidonta | Alasmidonta mccordi was listed in 1996 (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) as Critically Endangered due to insufficient survey information. In 2000, surveys confirmed that A. mccordi is Extinct (Bogan 2000) and there has been no further evidence in recent years to suggest otherwise.This species is considered to be Extinct. Impoundment of the Coosa River is thought to have caused the extinction of this species. Animal that is endangered ( Brotia pageli This species occurs in mountain streams in Western Borneo, from Sabah to South Kalimantan. At present it is only known from the type locality, Sabah, east Malaysia, Borneo and one other location in south-west Indonesian Borneo. Brotia pageli requires well-oxygenated, small, clear mountain streams, preferring rocky or pebble substrates.It is mainly found in mud, on stones, or under leaves and therefore is only present in remnant patches of rainforest. Ecological role same as Alasmidonta mccordi ( mussel ). [pic] There is a continuing decline in the extent of occurrence, area of occupancy and the extent and quality of this species' habitat as a result of the slash-and-burn agriculture, intensive logging and deforestation taking place across Borneo. Further research is n eeded into the species' current population status and impacts of deforestation. |Kingdom: |Animalia | Phylum: |Mollusca | |Class: |Gastropoda | |Superfamily: |Cerithioidea | |Family: |Pachychilidae | |Genus: |Brotia | Animal that was endangered but now it is not ( American bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) Bald eagles are one of the largest birds in North America with a wing span of 6-8 feet. Females tend to be larger than males. They live up to 40 years in the wild, and longer in captivity.Bald eagles are monogamous and have one life partner. [pic] Bald eagles live near large bodies of open water such as lakes, marshes, seacoast and rivers. They nest and roost in tall trees. The eagles live in every US state except Hawaii. They use a specific territory for nesting, winter feeding or a year-round residence. Their natural domain is from Alaska to California, and from Maine to Florida. Bald eagles that reside in the northern USA and Canada migrate to the warmer southern areas duri ng the winter to obtain easier access to food.They feed primarily on fish, but also eat small animals such as ducks, rabbits, turtles, snakes, etc. Bald eagle population numbers have been estimated to be 300 000 to 500 000 birds in the early 1700s. Their population fell to less than 10 000 nesting pair by the 1950s, and to less than 500 pairs by the early 1960s. This population decline was caused by the mass shooting of eagles, the use of pesticides on crops, the destruction of habitat, and the contamination of waterways and food sources by a wide range of poisons and pollutants.For many years, the use of DTT pesticide crops caused thinning of eagle egg shells, which often broke during incubation. The use of DDT pesticide was outlawed in USA and Canada in 1972/73. This action contributed greatly to the return of the bald eagle. The Bald Eagle was listed as Endangered in most of the U. S. from 1967 to 1995, when it was slighted upgraded to Threatened in the lower 48 states. The numbe r of nesting pairs of Bald Eagles in the lower 48 states had increased from less than 500 in the early 1960's to over 10,000 in 2007.They had recovered sufficiently to delist them from Threatened status on June 28, 2007. Since delisting, the primary law protecting Bald Eagles has shifted from the Endangered Species Act to the Bald and Golden Eagle Act. Although Bald Eagles have made an encouraging comeback throughout the U. S. A. since the early 60s, they continue to be face hazards that must be closely monitored and controlled. Even though illegal, Bald Eagles are still harassed, injured and killed by guns, traps, power lines, windmills, poisons, contaminants and destruction of habitat. Kirill Tashilov

Exile As A Catalyst For Self Reflection And Personal...

Exile is one of the most severe punishments, yet it is a catalyst for self reflection and personal development. Aldous Huxley s World State is presented through the interactions of characters who are, at some degree, exiled. Whether physically, or metaphysically, these characters find isolation to be as punishing as it is insightful. One particular individual, John, stands among the rest of the characters as one who society rejects. In Malpais, John was ostracized as the son of a promiscuous, â€Å"New World-er†. In London, John was never truly â€Å"accepted† by society as an equal, but rather looked at â€Å"like a piece of meat†. John s position between civilizations allows him to develop a unique position on society. Through his experiences with social rejection, John develops as one of the most complex characters in literature. John illuminates the meaning of the work through serving as a unique human character that the reader can identify with. His thoughts and actions, bold, as they are self-destructive, give a unique view of of a human society without humanity. John dwells not within the society of Malpais, which rejects him for his heritage, nor within London, which rejects him for his misguided idealism. Instead, John finds sanctum in what he learns from Shakespearean literature. The rift developed between John and his birthplace on the savage reservation represents his exile from a â€Å"normal† society to the World State s, â€Å"perfect† society. John s unwillingness to be withShow MoreRelated Herbert Marcuse’s An Essay on Liberation3414 Words   |  14 Pagescapitalism was giving the people what they wanted. Or was it? Marcuse argues that the capitalist system gives people what it wants them to want, that it generates needs supportive of mass consumption rather than stimulating creative human development. He believes that the capitalist system is more oppressive than ever but that it now practices a more subtle form of oppression by manipulating our values. Modern capitalist economies are based upon a degree of production that can only be maintainedRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesto do here is offer us a way to appreciate the importance of Rastafarianism as a religious phenomenon that is consistent with much of what happens when religious groups and movements grow and develop. Indeed, there is a remarkable logic to the development of Rasta that deï ¬ es the notion that it is a movement of the insane and the misguided. Given the way in which Rastafarianism has arrived in the world, it is useful when someone is able to help us understand its origins and propose how we can thenRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesintellectual traditions that contribute to our understanding of organizations. Professor Tomas Mà ¼llern, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, Sweden . McAuley, Duberley and Johnson’s Organizational Theory takes you on a joyful ride through the developments of one of the great enigmas of our time – How should we understand the organization? Jan Ole Similà ¤, Assistant Professor, Nord-Trà ¸ndelag University College, Norway I really enjoyed this new text and I am sure my students will enjoy it, too. ItRead MoreInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 PagesNBER Working Paper No. 10481 May 2004 JEL No. N11, N13, N15, N16, N17, O10, P10, P17 ABSTRACT This paper develops the empirical and theoretical case that differences in economic institutions are the fundamental cause of differences in economic development. We first document the empirical importance of institutions by focusing on two quasi-natural experiments in history, the division of Korea into two parts with very different economic institutions and the colonization of much of the world by EuropeanRead MoreStephen P. Robbins T imothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesWork–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect OrganizationalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesprevailing dynamics of the cold war. In addition to the problems posed for conceptualizing the twentieth century as a discrete era of world history due to overlap with the preceding period and disconcertingly radical shifts in the course of global development in the 1900s, contradictory forces and trends, which perhaps more than any other attribute distinguish this turbulent phase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. As

Learn About Private School Vouchers

For decades, parents had no choice when confronted with a failing public school. Their only option was to continue sending their children to a bad school or move to a neighborhood that had good schools. Vouchers are an attempt to redress that situation by channeling public funds into scholarships or vouchers so that children have the option of attending private school. Needless to say, voucher programs have caused much controversy.   School Vouchers School vouchers are essentially scholarships that  serve as payment for education at a private or parochial K-12 school when a family chooses not to attend the local public school. This type of program offers a certificate of government funding that parents can sometimes take advantage of if they opt to not attend the local public school.  Voucher programs often fall under the category of school choice programs. Not every state participates in a voucher program.   Lets go a little deeper and look at how the different types of schools are funded. Private schools are funded privately, as in, not by government funds. Private schools rely on tuition dollars and charitable giving from current families, alumni, faculty, trustees, past parents, and friends of the school.Public schools  are public educational institutions and are funded by taxes.Charter schools  get the best of both worlds and are operated as private institutions, but still receive public funding.   Thus, the Voucher Programs that exist essentially  offer parents the option to remove their children from failing public schools or public schools that cannot meet the needs of the student, and instead, enroll them in private schools. These programs take the form of vouchers or outright cash for private schools, tax credits, tax deductions and contributions to tax-deductible education accounts. Its important to note that private schools are not required to accept vouchers as a form of payment. And,  private schools are required to meet the minimum standards established by the government in order to be eligible to accept voucher recipients. Since private schools are not required to adhere to federal or state requirements for education, there may be inconsistencies that prohibit their ability to accept vouchers.   Where Funding for Vouchers Come From Funding for vouchers comes from both private and government sources. Government-funded voucher programs are considered  controversial by some for these main reasons. In the opinion of some critics, vouchers  raise the constitutional issues of separation of church and state when public funds are given to parochial and other religious schools. Theres also the concern that vouchers reduce the amount of money available to public school systems, many of which already struggle with adequate funding.For others, the challenge to public education goes to the core of another widely held belief: that every child is entitled to free education, regardless of where it takes place.   Many families support voucher programs, as it allows them to use tax dollars they pay for education but arent able to use otherwise if they elect to attend a school other than the local private school.   Voucher Programs in the US According to the American Federation for Children, there are 39 private school choice programs in the US, 14 voucher programs, and 18 scholarship tax credit programs, in addition to a few other options. School voucher programs continue to be controversial, but some states, like Maine and Vermont, have honored these programs for decades. The states that offer voucher programs are: ArkansasFloridaGeorgiaIndianaLouisianaMaineMarylandMississippiNorth CarolinaOhioOklahomaUtahVermontWisconsinWashington, D.C. In June 2016, articles appeared online about voucher programs. In North Carolina, a democratic attempt to cut private school vouchers failed, according to the Charlotte Observer. The article online dated June 3, 2016, reads: The vouchers, known as Opportunity Scholarships, would serve an additional 2,000 students per year starting in 2017 under the Senate budget. The budget also calls for the voucher program’s budget to increase by $10 million each year through 2027, when it would receive $145 million. There were also reports in June 2016 that 54% of Wisconsin voters support using state dollars to fund private school vouchers. An article in the Green Bay Press-Gazette reports, Among those polled,  54 percent support the statewide program, and 45 percent said they oppose vouchers. The survey also found 31 percent strongly support the program and 31 strongly oppose the program. Wisconsin adopted a statewide program in 2013. Naturally, not all reports tout the benefits of a voucher program. In fact, Brookings Institution released an article stating that recent research on voucher programs in Indiana and Louisiana found that those students who took advantage of vouchers to attend private school, rather than their local public schools, received lower scores than their public school peers.

The Weimar Republics Failure and Hitlers Gain of Power...

The Weimar Republics Failure and Hitlers Gain of Power in 1933 After the failure to win World War I, Germany was faced with a new government, the German people hoped that this government would set Germany on its way to recovery in terms of economically and as a country. The new government was set up in a small town outside Berlin; this is where the government took its name from. The Weimar republic was formed in 1918. The government only lasted 14 years, until it failed and the Nazi party took charge in 1933. I am going to examine why the government failed and consequently how Hitler gained power. A variety of reasons led to the failure of the Weimar Government. One of the reasons which led to†¦show more content†¦Between 1929 and 1932, production in Germany was almost halved, and unemployment levels rose to 6 million from 1 million in the summer of 1928. Germany was already struggling to cope with its economic difficulties, but the government lived in fear of a recurrence of 1923, so was afraid to spend extra money incase it led toe inflation. The production levels had dropped considerably so Germany could not export as many goods as before, as first they had to consider there own people. The economic depression led to the increase in support for the extremist parties such as the communists and the Nazi party. Figures show that in 1928, the Nazi party gained under 2 million votes in the Reichstag elections but in 1932 they gained 14 million. The Nazi party was founded in 1919, as the DAP, in 1920 they changed there name to the NSDAP, leading them to become known as the Nazis. In 1921 Hitler became leader of the party. The size of the party grew steadily until 1932 where the party increased from 300 000 to 800 000. A key point which led to the rise of the Nazi Party was their organisation. Hitler had been sentenced to 5 years imprisonment for his involvement in the Munich Putsch, in prison he thought about how to rearrange the party. When he was released heShow MoreRelatedFailures Of Adolf Hitler1616 Words   |  7 Pagesutmost power through both self-activation, and his ability to acclimate to the social conditions posed in Germany at this time. Hitler rose to sovereignty on the strength of his personality and vision, and through a tactic called coercive power. His followers swore allegiance to him and no one else. Adolf Hitler used the weakness of Germany’s socioeconomic status, resentment felt by most German inhabitants towards their governments’ choices and actions, and the incompetence of The Weimar GovernmentRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles During World War I2668 Words   |  11 Pagesthis payment. So clearly from the aftermath of the First World War, Germany became a bitter nation filled with hatred towards the Allies. However, there had to be an outlet for all this anger, which some historians argue was redirected towards the Weimar Republic. In result, this was a source of promulgation for the Nazi Party as the Germans were deviated towards extreme radical parties. The National Socialist Workers Party, also popularly known as The Nazi Party, was founded after the collapse ofRead MoreThe Role Of Nationalism As A Cause Of The Failure Of Democracy2966 Words   |  12 PagesAssess the importance of Nationalism as a cause of the failure of democracy in Germany in the period 1918-1934. Nationalism was an important and fundamental factor in the downfall of the Weimar Republic and in turn, the ensuring failure of democracy in Germany in the period of 1918-1934. Nationalism is a political and social philosophy that aims to emphasise the nation’s virtues above others. It is a principle of a nation’s demand to be more powerful and successful than any other. A sense ofRead More Failure of Parliamentary Democracy in Germany and Hitler’s Rise to Power2956 Words   |  12 PagesFailure of Parliamentary Democracy in Germany and Hitler’s Rise to Power German history is seen as a ‘painful issue for thousands of Germans and other Europeans’ . However it has interested many historians over the years into inquiring how and why Hitler came to power and how much of this was to do with the failure of parliamentary democracy in Germany. To fully ascertain to what extent these events have in common and what reasons led to the fall of democracy and rise of the Nazis, each haveRead More The Rise and Subsequent Fall of the Third Reich Essay4611 Words   |  19 PagesThe Rise and Subsequent Fall of the Third Reich Living in the crumbled remains of Germany, or the Weimar Republic, in the 1920’s was a dismal existence. Hyperinflation was rampant and the national debt skyrocketed as a result of the punishing features of the Treaty of Versailles. During the depression, however, a mysterious Austrian emerged from the depths of the German penal system and gave the desperate German people a glimpse of hope in very dark times. He called for a return to â€Å"Fatherland†Read MoreAdolf Hitler Essay 206213 Words   |  25 Pagesslaughter of millions of Jews, Sinti and Roma (Gypsies), Slavic peoples, and many others, all of whom he considered inferior. II EARLY YEARS Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary, in 1889, the fourth child of Klara and Alois Hitler. Hitlers father worked his way up in the Austrian customs service to a position of considerable status, and as a result Hitler had a comfortable childhood. Hitler began school in 1900, and his grades were above average. It was decided that he would attendRead MoreHistory HL Paper 3 Europe6131 Words   |  25 Pageseconomic situation, influence of the philosophers, and the American War of Independence. The monarchy was a victim, in that Louis was executed, and the revolution was at least partly responsible for the dauphin’s death. The monarchy’s former absolutist power was removed by legislation, and it was abolished in 1792 (but restored in 1814). However there were other victims, and some judgment should be given on â€Å"main†. The question is intended to provoke thought on the nature of both the monarchy and the revolution

Prototype free essay sample

This Is the theory of prototypes. As we saw In he preceding section, Individuals do have Ideas of typical Instances of colors, and these ideas are remarkably similar among vary-,us cultural groups. Such similarity in views, however, is found not only in reference to birds and colors.A variety of experiments has shown that people do in fact classify quite consistently objects of various kinds according to what they regard as being typical instances; for example, (1) furniture, so that, whereas a chair is a typical Item of furniture, an ashtray Is not; (2) fruit, so that, whereas apples and plums are typical, coconuts and olives are not; ND (3) clothing, so that, whereas coats and trousers are typical items, things like bracelets and purses are not (Clark and Clark, 1977, p. 464). The remarkably uniform behavior that people exhibit in such tasks cannot be accounted for by a theory which says that concepts are formed from sets of defining features. We will write a custom essay sample on Prototype or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Such a theory fails to explain why some instances are consistently held to be more typical or central than others when all exhibit the same set of defining features. Hudson (1996, up. 75-8) believes that prototype theory has much to offer sociolinguists. He believes It leads to n easier account of how people learn to use language, particularly linguistic concepts, from the kinds of instances they come across.He says (p. 77) that: a prototype-based concept can be learned on the basis of a very small number of instances perhaps a single one and without any kind of formal definition, whereas a feature-based definition would be very much harder to learn since a much larger number of cases, plus a number of non-cases, would be needed before the learner could work out which features were necessary and which were not. Moreover, such a view allows for a more flexible approach to understanding how people actually use language.In that usage certain concepts are necessarily fuzzy, as the theory predicts they will be, but that very fuzziness allows speakers to use language creatively. According to Hudson, prototype theory may even be applied to the social situations in which speech occurs. He suggests that, when we hear a new linguistic item, we associate with it who typically seems to use it and what, apparently, is the typical occasion of its use. Again, we need very few instances even possibly just a single one to be able to do this.

Nursing Teaching Plan Get Complete Solution @Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write a teaching plan,about colostomy care and education. Answer: The study is based on a case study of a 16-year-old girl who had an accident and suffered abdominal injuries. An emergency surgery left her with a temporary colostomy and doctors warned that she may end up with a permanent colostomy. She had other injuries too and suffered from frustration due to her condition. Although her family is by her side, still she does not want to look at her colostomy and is worried about her studies. She is estimated to have the colostomy for several years before reversal. The purpose of this study is to teach Sandra and family about how to care for colostomy. Diagnosis or planning From the data about the medical report of Sandra, the immediate need is to give her information about how to care for her colostomy herself, providing knowledge about the dietary requirement and offering emotional and psychological support to such patients. The goal-directed diagnosis includes- Adjusting patient to changes and managing colostomy. Minimizing complications Teaching self-care to handle situations Giving information about the procedure of ostomy appliance change, therapeutic regimen and informing family members about the importance of providing emotional support (Stelton et al., 2015). Implementation A colostomy is a surgical procedure by which an opening is created in the abdominal walls to take out one end of the intestine. There are many risks for a patient like bleeding inside abdomen, development of a hernia, infection in the lungs, skin irritation, wound breaking, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to teach Sandra and her family how to take care of the condition. The following are the guidelines for self-care of ostomy: Teachings principle of ostomy care: The appliances need to be changed regularly. Skin cleansing needs to be done, and stoma or opening should be inspected properly. It maintains skin integrity around the stoma. The pouch needs to be emptied before it is one-third full. Deodorants should be used to prevent odor from the stoma. In a case of complications, enterostomy therapy nurse should be immediately contacted. Their service is required both before and after surgery. Before surgery, the nurse helps patient with the placement of stoma, assists patients to determine the best place for stoma so that clothing does not disturb stoma output. After surgery, the nurse teaches patients and family member how to change ostomy appliance. It requires time and practice. So they assist in appliance change for first few times and then teach patients how to do it themselves. They can give advice on leaking and teaching techniques in case of any problem (Okamura et al., 2013). Patients can be given information about health services available for ostomy to assist patients in the initial phase after surgery. The biophysical element of disturbed body image includes the presence of stoma and loss of control over bowel movement. The psychosocial element includes altered body structure. In such case support should be given, and patients should be encouraged to verbalize feelings about colostomy. It will help patients to deal with the condition (Doenges et al., 2014). Teaching dietary requirement and fluid intake: The patient should take well-balanced diet and vitamin supplements to meet the deficiency in nutrients. They should be taught avoid foods that reduce gas and constipation. This is crucial for patients with the colostomy. They should be encouraged to take a significant amount of fluid to prevent dehydration (Gulanick Myers, 2013). Giving resource for emotional and psychological support: Close family member of a patient should be encouraged to give emotional support and motivation for recovery. They can be recommended to take help of counseling sessions in case of extreme depression due to disease. They should be informed about support groups to for peer support and knowledge about colostomy. The patient should be encouraged to interact with patients with the ostomy. Such person can be a good support and role model for patients. The patient should be explained the reason for surgery. It will help the client to deal with the ostomy to prevent long-term ostomy if it is temporary (Endall et al., 2014). Evaluation Evaluation of above implementation plan can be assessed by patients and family members motivation to learn. It is monitored whether patients perception and attitude towards the colostomy has changed or not after implementation plan. The measurement of self-care can be checked by assessing whether the patient can use stoma appliance herself or not. After the emotional support by way of counseling and family support, patients mental frame of mind can be assessed by taking feedbacks from the about the treatment process. In the end, an overall report can be documented orally or in written form explaining the benefits of diagnosis and implementation plan on patients (Danielsen et al., 2013). Reference Danielsen, A. K., Burcharth, J., Rosenberg, J. (2013). Patient education has a positive effect in patients with a stoma: a systematic review.Colorectal Disease,15(6), e276-e283. Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., Murr, A. C. (2014).Nursing care plans: Guidelines for individualizing client care across the life span. FA Davis. Endall, G., Willis, H., Ugboma, D., Sampson, A., Bostock, K., Lewis, R. (2014). An integrated care pathway for peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion and post insertion management.BMC Public Health. Gulanick, M., Myers, J. L. (2013).Nursing care plans: nursing diagnosis and intervention. Elsevier Health Sciences. Okamura, K., Nojiri, Y., Tanaka, Y., Nagae, H., Arai, Y., Matsuda, T., ... Hasegawa, T. (2013). Changes in perioperative management of radical prostatectomy using clinical pathways according to a standardized care plan: A multi institutional study.International Journal of Urology,20(3), 337-343. Stelton, S., Zulkowski, K., Ayello, E. A. (2015). Practice Implications for Peristomal Skin Assessment and Care from the 2014 World Council of Enterostomal Therapists International Ostomy Guideline.Advances in skin wound care,28(6), 275-284.